New York edition

Robinhood Chain is Robinhood's own Ethereum Layer 2, built with Arbitrum technology and live since 1 July 2026. It was pitched for tokenized stocks and onchain finance. Third-party apps, especially the Pons memecoin launchpad, have driven much of the early trading. That is separate from this Arc plan. Arc is Circle's public Layer 1. Fees are paid in USDC, settlement is described as sub-second, and the validator set starts permissioned, with firms such as BlackRock, DTCC, Visa and Mastercard named as founding validators in phases. Public mainnet opened on 16 September 2026. Robinhood's wording is limited: support is coming "soon," and USDC deposit and withdrawal would be available "right on the network where supported." That leaves product surface, eligibility and go-live date unstated. Circle's launch release names Robinhood in a long list of trading, liquidity and execution names. That is not the same as a live Robinhood deposit flow. Readers who want Arc USDC now still have to use Arc Portal, a supporting wallet or exchange, or wait for Robinhood to ship the transfer path.

Robinhood Chain is Robinhood's permissionless Ethereum Layer 2, built on Arbitrum technology, using ETH for gas and aimed at tokenized stocks and onchain apps. HOOD Summit is the company's annual event. A 10 August newsroom post already set Houston for 29-30 September. The 16 September teaser does not change those dates. In late September, Central Time is daylight time (UTC-5), so 5:30 p.m. CT is 22:30 UTC. Specific chain, wallet or brokerage features remain unnamed until the keynote.

OnRe (On Re SAC Ltd) is licensed by the Bermuda Monetary Authority as a segregated accounts company and says deposited capital underwrites short-duration reinsurance. ONyc is the onchain claim on that pool. OnRe's site advertised an 11.54% ONyc figure at the time of the check; that is marketing, not a promised return. DefiLlama showed most DeFi use on Kamino Lend. The $300 million figure is OnRe's own; RWA.xyz and DefiLlama were in the same ballpark the next day.

peaq is a machine-economy network. Its peaqOS stack gives a robot an identity, a wallet, a performance record and tools to pay for services or earn from unused capacity. Doosan Robotics builds collaborative robots used in manufacturing, logistics and similar work in 45 countries. The companies say robots are financed today against the buyer's balance sheet, not against the machine. The partnership is meant to change that by producing proofs lenders and insurers can check, while keeping raw workcell data on the customer's controller. Phase one is the first A-Series robot in testing, shown on peaq's machine explorer. Phase two is a supervised student cohort at the Technical University of Munich and an October hackathon. Later phases call for more robots and joint financing pilots, including Initial Machine Offerings. Doosan's Michael Ryu said the company intends to put the capability in customers' hands after successful testing. peaq's own docs also say Economics 2.0 machines can be homed on Solana as of 16 September 2026. That does not mean every Doosan unit is already a Solana product, or that a reader can buy, lend against, or rent a Doosan cobot onchain today.

Anza posted the pending-activation note on 16 September. SIMD-0525 stages slot-time cuts with separate feature gates. CryptoSlate and Solana Compass repeated the same epoch 1037 timing. The 200ms step is described as still on the roadmap, not dated for mainnet. Operators may need current Agave software around the same day. This is announced protocol timing, not a user-facing app launch.

Account abstraction is the effort to make crypto wallets feel closer to normal apps: sign in with a passkey, let an app pay the fee, and batch several steps into one confirmation. Base pushed EIP-8130 for scale, customization and compliance. Ethereum's EIP-8141, also called Frame Transactions, is aimed at censorship resistance, privacy and post-quantum readiness. After months of talks, that merge attempt failed. CoinDesk's 16 September write-up is why the split is still the live watch item: multi-chain wallets may need two transaction formats. EIP-8141 remains a must-ship candidate for Ethereum’s Hegotá upgrade. EIP-8130 has been exercised on Base’s Vibenet test network. An earlier assumption that EIP-8130 would ride Base's September Cobalt upgrade does not match Base's current Cobalt documentation, which instead lists B20 token-standard improvements, validity transactions that execute only when onchain conditions match, dynamic node upgrades in metrics-only mode on mainnet, and a move of Base infrastructure into a Trusted Execution Environment. Those Cobalt dates are published targets, not a guarantee, and the official page does not give a clock time. B20 itself has been live on Base mainnet since the June Beryl upgrade. It is a native, ERC-20 compatible token type with issuer controls. That is separate from the wallet-standard fight.

Arc is Circle's public Layer 1 for payments, tokenized assets and onchain markets, with fees paid in USDC. Public mainnet opened 16 September 2026. Circle said more than 100 applications were available at launch. fomo's post is a product-live claim, not volume data. Inspect the app and onchain pools before treating any pair as liquid.

Circle opened Arc public mainnet on 16 September 2026 and listed Ledger among day-one wallets. Morpho and Aave also announced Arc credit markets around launch. Ledger is a signer and wallet vendor, not the issuer of USDC or the operator of those vaults. Rewards are not guaranteed.

Arc is Circle's Layer 1, opened to the public on 16 September 2026. Fees are paid in USDC, settlement is designed to be sub-second, and the chain is EVM compatible. Circle is running it with a permissioned set of institutional validators at launch. Phantom is a self-custodial wallet known for Solana that has expanded to other networks. Its 16 September post is a product-live claim, not a new chain. The 10% rollout detail matters: the feature is shipping through an app update, not as a chain-wide switch that every Phantom user received at once. Circle's launch materials also named other wallets, including MetaMask, Ledger, Rainbow and several exchange wallets. Those listings are day-one distribution claims, not proof that every listed wallet has the same Arc features. Anyone using Phantom on Arc should confirm the network is present, keep USDC for gas, and treat UK and other geo limits as in force until Phantom says otherwise.

The markup record lists H.R. 10357 ordered favorably reported as amended by Chairman Jason Smith's substitute. Rep. Mike Kelly, who co-led the bill, published the same 38-5 result and the $10 fee exemption. Committee materials also cover an EFIN verification bill marked up the same day. House coverage noted members may leave Washington until after the November elections, so a full House date is not set. The Senate's separate CLARITY market-structure vote failed on 15 September and is outside this edition's news window.

The federal funds rate is the overnight rate U.S. banks pay each other, and it anchors borrowing costs across the economy. The Fed had not raised this target since 2023. In the 16 September statement it said activity is expanding, jobs have kept pace with the workforce, and inflation is still too high. It also pointed to geopolitical uncertainty. The implementation note directs the New York Fed's desk to keep the funds rate in the new 3.75% to 4% range from 17 September, with standing overnight repo at 4.0% and reverse repo at 3.75%. Crypto is not mentioned. The channel to digital assets is indirect: tighter dollar policy can reduce appetite for leveraged bets, ETF inflows and high-beta tokens. It can also support the dollar versus crypto. This edition's other U.S. stories, including the House tax bill from the prior catch-up and the Bitcoin reserve markup, sit in that same macro week. The rate decision is the one item with a fixed official clock time.

The United States already holds bitcoin taken in criminal and civil cases. President Trump directed agencies in 2025 to keep that bitcoin rather than auction it. H.R. 8957, introduced by Rep. Nick Begich with Rep. Jared Golden as co-lead, would turn that into statute. The committee-approved substitute from Rep. Bryan Steil, who chairs the digital assets subcommittee, is the text that advanced. Reporting on that substitute says bitcoin placed in the reserve would be held at least 20 years from enactment, with annual public reporting instead of quarterly attestations, and that Treasury and Commerce would study budget-neutral ways to add bitcoin without new taxes, borrowing or deficit spending. Other digital assets would sit in a separate stockpile. States could keep title to bitcoin stored in segregated Treasury accounts. The committee rejected Ranking Member Maxine Waters' amendment. A similar bill has not passed the Senate. Readers should treat 28-21 as a committee result, not an enacted reserve, and should not assume the government will buy bitcoin on the open market. The official vote PDFs were posted on the committee repository when the markup record was last updated at 7:09 p.m. on 16 September 2026.